The annual lawn care calendar provides a valuable overview of activities through which anyone with a lawn can learn how to maintain their grass for a tidy and well-kept outdoor space. Each month brings new challenges and needs in the lawn maintenance process. A precise understanding of these seasonal changes allows your grass to look lush and resilient, regardless of the weather conditions.
Grass is not just a surface that needs mowing – it’s a complex ecosystem that responds to temperature, rainfall, daylight length changes, and many other factors. To achieve optimal growth, it’s essential to regularly perform activities that meet the specific needs of the grass month by month. This means lawn care doesn’t stop in winter; on the contrary, during every season, it’s essential to carry out the appropriate tasks – from equipment servicing in January to aeration and fertilization in spring, all the way to preparing your lawn for winter dormancy in late autumn.
This lawn care calendar provides clear and precise guidance on what to do and when to keep your lawn in the best possible condition throughout the year. Whether removing leaves in the winter months, proper watering during the summer heat, or resodding in spring, you’ll find answers and solutions for every period.
January
However, this month is the ideal time to prepare your equipment and space for the upcoming season. Here’s what is recommended:
The first step is to service your lawnmowers, trimmers, and other equipment. Sharpen mower blades, clean and change the oil, and inspect and replace filters and spark plugs to ensure your equipment is ready for spring activities.
Since leaves fall during autumn and winter, January is the right time to remove dead leaves, twigs, and other debris from your lawn. These layers can block sunlight and air from reaching the roots, and the damp conditions underneath can promote the growth of fungi and pests.
January is also the perfect month to check your lawn’s drainage system. If you notice areas with poor water runoff, consider making repairs or improvements to your drainage system.
Although it’s not yet time for fertilizing or seeding, January is an excellent time to plan your fertilization schedule and purchase quality seed and fertilizer. It’s recommended that you decide in advance on the type of fertilizer you will use.
Prune hedges next to the lawn or trees nearby to prevent casting shade on the lawn during the growing season.
To help your lawn resist frost, you can apply winter feed with a low nitrogen content but rich in potassium.
When removing snow from pathways and driveways, avoid creating piles on the lawn, as the weight can suffocate the grass and lead to disease.
If the winter is mild, planting new sod can be successful. Cooler weather reduces the risk of sod drying out or getting sunburnt.
Tips for January:
- Avoid walking on frozen grass! During cold spells, grass blades become very fragile, and walking on them can cause severe damage.
- If you live in a region with extremely harsh winters, you can cover the grass with straw or another material to protect it from low temperatures.
February
February is a transitional month between winter dormancy and spring growth. Although the grass is not yet in total growth, now is the ideal time to prepare the soil and carry out essential activities to ensure your lawn’s successful development and health throughout the year.
During February, paying attention to the soil condition where your lawn grows is essential. Compacted and hard soil can significantly hinder the penetration of water, air, and nutrients to the grass’s root system. Aeration is a process that helps alleviate soil compaction, allowing for better airflow and water absorption.
pH Analysis
Conduct a pH analysis of the soil. The ideal pH for grass usually ranges between 6.0 and 7.0, depending on the type of grass. If the soil turns too acidic (pH below 6.0), adding lime can help neutralize the acidity. On the other hand, if the soil is too alkaline (pH above 7.0), applying sulfur or other acidifying materials can help balance the pH level.
Weed Control
Another key task for February is pre-emergent weed control. Using herbicides during this period can prevent the appearance of stubborn weeds like crabgrass and other varieties that easily spread across the lawn. Applying pre-emergent herbicides before the temperatures rise and weeds germinate can significantly reduce their population during spring and summer.
Although fertilizing is usually recommended later in the year, February is the time to plan the application of fertilizers that suit the condition of your lawn. Depending on soil analysis and pH levels, you may consider adding organic or chemical fertilizers to help the grass maximize its growth potential during spring.
March
If you’re wondering when the ideal time for overseeding your lawn is, we’d say March or the period from March to May. What can you do? Scatter seed over the existing grass, or if you prefer, spread a layer of soil over the lawn, brush it into the grass, and then scatter the seed. Soon, you’ll notice your grass becoming thicker and healthier. However, hybrid grass species, such as Bermuda, Zoysia, and St. Augustine, are not available in seed form. It is important to note that overseeding these varieties can cause issues with your soil and grass’s health.
As temperatures rise in March, it’s the perfect time to provide your lawn with the necessary nutrients. Which fertilizer to use depends on the soil testing results, so it’s essential to test your soil first to determine its pH level.
Slow-release fertilizers are an excellent choice, as they provide a steady supply of nutrients to strengthen the root system and support healthy growth. Feeding the soil this way is essential after winter when the grass has been dormant and has depleted the soil of nutrients. Slow-release fertilizers ensure a gradual supply of nutrients, avoiding rapid growth that could weaken the grass.
Early spring is perfect for aeration, especially if the soil is compacted. Aerating the lawn will also help the fertilizer penetrate more efficiently into the root zone.
If weather conditions allow, you can start regular watering, but don’t overdo it to avoid water buildup in the soil, which can lead to root rot. Watering the lawn in the morning when evaporation is minimal is ideal to ensure optimal hydration.
Tip for March:
- March is a great time to tidy up the edges of your lawn. While the soil is still soft, use shears or an edge trimmer to clean up the borders and bring your lawn to perfection.
April
Weeds emerge in the spring, and if not treated on time, they can quickly overtake parts of your lawn. In April, targeting weeds with spot treatment is essential, using selective herbicides or manually removing the roots. This way, you prevent their spread without damaging healthy grass.
Start mowing: As the grass thrives, it’s time to start mowing regularly but with caution. It’s recommended not to cut the grass too short, as overly short grass can become prone to stress, creating opportunities for weeds and diseases to spread. The ideal mowing height depends on the type of grass, but the general rule is never to remove more than one-third of the grass height during mowing.
Monitoring soil moisture and adjusting watering: Although April may bring rain, it’s essential to continue monitoring soil moisture to ensure that your lawn receives enough but not too much water. Excess water can lead to root rot, while lacking moisture can slow growth and weaken the lawn. Adjust watering according to weather conditions – grass usually requires about 1 inch of water per week during wilder temperatures, whether from rainfall or supplemental irrigation.
Tips for April:
- If you used moss control products in March, now is the perfect time to remove the dead moss.
- Applying a pre-emergent herbicide in early spring can effectively prevent weed seed germination. Apply the herbicide when the soil temperature consistently reaches around 55°F for several days.
May
As temperatures rise, pests like mites, larvae, and other insects attack the lawn. During May, it’s essential to monitor for signs of pest damage – dry, brown, or thinning areas often indicate their presence.
If you notice these signs, it’s recommended that you apply appropriate pest control treatments. In some cases, organic insecticides may be effective enough, while more severe infestations may require specialized pesticides.
Watering Smart
As the temperatures increase in May, you may need to adjust watering to ensure the grass has enough moisture for proper growth. During the warmer months, grass requires more water, but it’s essential to water wisely.
To ensure the water reaches the roots, it’s recommended to water deeply at longer intervals rather than frequent shallow runtimes. The best time to water is early morning when evaporation is minimal. The ideal amount of water for lawns in May is around 1.5 inches per week, though this may vary depending on the type of grass, soil type, and local weather conditions.
Disease Outbreaks
Grass diseases may also appear in May, especially when higher daytime temperatures, lower nighttime temperatures, and moisture coincide. Common diseases include powdery mildew, grey leaf spot, take-all patch, and brown patchs. Pay attention to changes in color and texture – yellow-brown patches with circular borders, brown or grey lesions on the leaves, gray-white powder, or web-like mycelium may indicate the presence of disease. Fungicide treatments can help prevent the spread of diseases as an initial solution.
Grass Mowing in May
May is when you can mow every 2 to 3 days. If there’s a lack of moisture and rain, you can leave the clippings on the lawn if it suits your needs. However, ensure the clippings are not more than ¼ of an inch thick and are spread evenly across the lawn.
In terms of aesthetics, if you prefer a neatly trimmed lawn, gradually lower the mowing height, but don’t forget the old rule – never cut more than one-third of the grass length at once.
Tips for May:
- Continue spring maintenance with aeration to loosen compacted soil and allow it to “breathe.”
- The second round of fertilization begins at the end of May.
- Remove weeds manually whenever possible.
- Since the grass is in total growth during May, mowing 2 to 3 times a week is recommended.
June
With the arrival of summer, the main challenge is to provide the lawn with enough water and prevent drought damage. Water deeply but less frequently, as this will encourage the roots to grow deeper and access moisture even during a drought.
The recommendation is about 1 to 1.5 inches of water per week. Always water in the early morning hours, and avoid doing it at night.
As for mowing, raise the cutting height by 1 to 1.5 inches higher than usual. Taller grass provides better shade to the soil, reducing water evaporation and encouraging deeper root growth.
Continue monitoring for pests and diseases. Summer heat can encourage the development of pests like larvae, spider mites, and other insects, as well as fungal diseases that often occur in conditions of high humidity and heat. Regularly inspect the lawn for potential signs of damage or changes in color, which may indicate the presence of pests or diseases. If changes are detected, promptly apply the appropriate insecticides or fungicides.
July
Dry periods can be frequent during July, so consistent watering is essential to provide the grass with the moisture it needs. It’s best to water the lawn deeply but less frequently—one to two times per week—ensuring it penetrates at least 15-20 cm into the soil. This encourages the development of deeper roots, making the grass more resilient to drought.
While applying more fertilizer now to maintain the lawn’s green color may seem like a good idea, over-fertilizing in July can do more harm than good. Adding too many nutrients can stress the grass, which is already under pressure from the heat and lack of water. It’s better to wait until the end of summer or early fall, when temperatures stabilize, to apply additional fertilizer.
Raising Mower Height
Raising the mower blade in July is crucial to avoid cutting the grass too short, a practice known as “scalping.” Grass cut too short loses its ability to retain moisture and becomes more susceptible to drought stress.
Keeping the grass slightly taller than usual—between 2 and 4 inches is recommended to help retain moisture and create natural sun protection. If the weather is dry, leave the clippings on the lawn. They are 80-85% water and add moisture to the soil as they break down.
Tips for July:
- Prevent water waste and ensure that the lawn receives the proper amount of water for hotter weather.
- Weeds are particularly noticeable in July, making it a great time to treat them. You can manually remove weeds and wild grass.
- If you notice infestations of Chinch bugs, apply appropriate treatment.
- You can start planning for fall lawn renovation.
August
August brings the most extreme temperatures. Drought stress remains the biggest challenge during August. Continue to water wisely and mow high. Avoid applying fertilizers, as the nitrogen salts can remove vital moisture and burn the grass during hot weather.
How to Water Grass in August: August is typically the hottest month, and the grass requires deep and infrequent watering to encourage deeper root growth. This practice helps the lawn endure summer stress and prepare for the fall months. Water the lawn enough for the water to penetrate to a depth of 6 inches.
Tips for August:
- Depending on weather conditions, you can perform nematode treatments in late August and throughout September. Ensure deep watering to eliminate any chance of mosquitoes and larvae surviving.
- Manually remove weeds and wild grass after targeted treatment whenever possible.
- Mow the lawn as needed, but be careful not to damage it by cutting it too low.
September
This month is crucial for applying fall fertilizer and re-sodding drought-damaged areas to ensure a healthy and dense lawn during the fall and winter. Your activities now lay the foundation for solid growth in the next season.
How to Fertilize the Lawn in September: Fertilizer rich in potassium helps strengthen the roots, making the lawn more resilient as temperatures drop. Potassium is vital in the grass’s resistance to stresses like frost and drought. Fall fertilizers should contain lower nitrogen levels to avoid excessive leaf growth but enough potassium and phosphorus to keep the roots healthy and strong.
Sodding: September is also the ideal time for re-sodding areas that have thinned or become bare over the summer. The milder temperatures make fall the perfect opportunity to repair the lawn. Prepare the soil by aerating and loosening it, then plug sod pieces into the bare areas. After planting the grass plugs, keep the soil moist to ensure deep rooting and integration into the lawn.
Although temperatures drop in September, regular mowing should continue. Keep the grass height appropriate – not too short – to retain moisture and promote healthy growth. Adjust watering based on weather conditions – while the lawn still requires consistent watering, the frequency should be reduced compared to summer.
Tips for September:
- After mowing, leave the clippings on the lawn, as they will decompose and provide essential nutrients for its health.
- If you notice a spongy feel when walking on your lawn, thatch and moss have likely accumulated. You can perform scarification to remove them.
October
Now is the perfect time to apply pre-emergent herbicides for cold-season weeds. These herbicides help prevent the growth of weeds such as chickweed, bluegrass, and other types germinating in cooler temperatures. If not treated on time, these weeds can disrupt your lawn during winter and spring. Applying pre-emergent herbicides in October effectively suppresses their growth before they sprout, reducing the need for weed control in the spring.
Expect to see a lot of fallen leaves during October, so it’s important to regularly rake the lawn and remove them. Layers of leaves can smother the grass, blocking sunlight and reducing airflow to the roots. If not removed regularly, fallen leaves can lead to the development of fungi and diseases, especially when combined with moisture. Investing in a leaf blower can be wise if you have a large lawn.
What About Mowing This Time of Year? Gradually reduce the frequency. As temperatures drop and grass growth slows, it’s time to reduce mowing frequency. Although the grass may still grow, keeping the mowing height around 2-3 inches is recommended to help the grass retain moisture and better withstand the colder months. The final mowing before winter should be done before temperatures drop significantly, ensuring the grass is at an optimal height for winter dormancy.
Tips for October:
- If your budget allows, invest in a rainwater collector.
- You can plant spring-blooming bulbs to beautify your yard when spring arrives.
- October is also an ideal time for lawn repairs. If there are uneven spots, level them out and re-sod bare patches with the appropriate sod pieces.
- If you forgot to apply fall-winter fertilizer earlier in the season, now is a great time. Your lawn will appreciate the extra nutrients, making it more disease-resistant and helping cell walls strengthen against frost.
November
November is the time for final preparations to ensure your lawn and garden are ready for the winter months. While most vegetation is slowing growth in preparation for winter dormancy, now is the crucial time to complete the last activities before the cold temperatures arrive.
Final Mowing Before Winter: The last mowing of the season typically occurs in mid-November. During this month, trim the grass to a height of about 1-2 inches. This height is optimal because it ensures the grass won’t be too short (making it vulnerable to cold) or too long (which can lead to rot under heavy frost and snow).
In November, protecting irrigation systems is essential to avoid damage caused by freezing water in the pipes. Turn off the irrigation systems and drain any remaining water to prevent pipe bursts—additionally, store garden hoses in a dry place after draining them of water.
Applying a Layer of Mulch: Mulch is an excellent insulator during winter, although it is primarily used for plant protection. In November, apply a layer of mulch around flower beds, trees, and shrubs to protect roots from the cold and prevent soil erosion. Mulch retains moisture, stabilizes soil temperature, and helps shield plants from extreme weather conditions. It can also prevent weeds from sprouting in early spring.
Tips for November:
- You can fertilize the lawn to help it stay resilient throughout winter, though this is not mandatory.
- Keep up with leaf collection. Although this task may seem tedious, it is essential.
- You can still trim lawn edges in November to keep it tidy through the winter.
- If your grass looks pale, consider applying an algae treatment.
- Regularly monitor the lawn to prevent the onset of diseases.
December
The average date for the first heavy frost is December 12th, making it a month of dormancy. This is when grass enters its winter sleep and requires little active maintenance, but it’s important to pay attention to a few key aspects to ensure the lawn stays healthy and prepared for spring growth.
Allow the Lawn to Rest: During December, the grass is not growing, so minimal maintenance is required. Do not mow or water the lawn unless there is an arid period without rain or snow. Your lawn needs about a ½ inch of water every 2-3 weeks during dormancy, either through natural precipitation or irrigation. The main goal is to let the lawn rest and regenerate for the upcoming season.
Although the grass is dormant, pests and mold-related diseases can appear, especially in colder, damp areas. The winter months, with lower temperatures and moisture, can create conditions for mold and fungal infections on the lawn. Regularly check the lawn, especially in colder and shaded areas, to detect potential problems early. Remove the affected areas and improve airflow if you notice signs of mold, such as gray-white or pink patches on the grass.
Protecting the Lawn from Excessive Compaction: In December, avoiding excessive foot traffic on the lawn is essential, especially when the soil is wet or frozen. The weight of foot traffic or vehicles can compact the soil and damage the lawn, making it harder to recover in the spring. If possible, limit movement across grassy areas during winter.
Tips for December:
- If the lawn is frozen, avoid working on it, but you can still pick up fallen leaves.
- Do not mow if frost is forecasted within the next 1-2 days, as this can halt grass growth and damage the lawn.
- If the grass grows, you can give it a light mow.
- Since December is a resting period, plan to service your mower or order spare parts if you plan to service it yourself.
Conclusion
Following the annual lawn care calendar may seem demanding, but knowing each month has its own rhythm with clearly defined activities is reassuring. Adhering to this schedule has numerous benefits—beyond a healthy and visually flawless lawn, you also save time and wisely invest your resources.
Each month brings specific tasks that help the grass cope with changing weather conditions and stressors such as drought, cold, and disease. Regular attention to watering, fertilizing, mowing, and pest control ensures the lawn remains solid and resilient. When each step is taken at the right time, you avoid potential problems and additional costs. In the end, continuous care is the best way to maintain a lawn that looks healthy and tidy, enhancing the overall appearance of your home.
For more information on this topic, contact The Grass Outlet; our team will gladly assist you.
Sources:
DoMyOwn. (n.d.). Lawn care schedule. Copyright © 2024, DoMyOwn. https://www.domyown.com/lawn-care-schedule-a-537.html
BEST Spring Lawn Care Schedule 2024 – Monthly Lawn & Garden To-Do Checklists – LawnSavers. (2024, August 12). LawnSavers Weed Control. https://lawnsavers.com/monthly-lawn-garden-to-do-checklists
